Hemorrhoids, also known as piles, are swollen veins in the lower rectum or anus, causing discomfort, pain, and bleeding during bowel movements. Common causes include straining during bowel movements, obesity, and pregnancy. Symptoms include rectal pain, itching, and bleeding. External hemorrhoids may form painful lumps around the anus, while internal hemorrhoids may protrude through the anus. Treatment options range from lifestyle changes, such as increasing fiber intake and avoiding straining, to over-the-counter medications and procedures like rubber band ligation or surgery for severe cases. Prevention strategies include maintaining a healthy weight, staying hydrated, and avoiding prolonged sitting or straining during bowel movements.