Hepatitis A, B, C, and E are viral infections that affect the liver, each caused by different viruses. Hepatitis A is usually spread through contaminated food or water and causes flu-like symptoms. Hepatitis B is transmitted through blood, semen, or other body fluids and can lead to chronic liver disease. Hepatitis C is primarily spread through blood-to-blood contact and can cause chronic infection, liver cirrhosis, and cancer. Hepatitis E is typically transmitted through contaminated water and causes acute hepatitis. Prevention through vaccination, practicing safe sex, and avoiding contaminated food and water are essential for preventing these infections.