Hydrocephalus is a condition where there's too much cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain's ventricles, causing pressure and swelling. CSF normally cushions the brain and spinal cord. However, when it accumulates excessively, it can lead to various symptoms, including headaches, nausea, balance problems, and vision changes. Hydrocephalus can happen at any age, from birth to old age, and can be congenital or acquired due to injury, infection, or tumor. Treatment usually involves surgically inserting a shunt to drain excess fluid or endoscopic procedures to create new pathways for fluid drainage. Early diagnosis and management are crucial for minimizing complications.