Leukemia is a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow, where blood cells are produced. It involves the rapid production of abnormal white blood cells, which crowd out healthy cells. Leukemia can be acute, developing quickly, or chronic, progressing slowly. Symptoms may include fatigue, weakness, frequent infections, fever, bruising, and bleeding. The exact cause is often unknown, but factors like genetic mutations, exposure to radiation or certain chemicals, and some genetic disorders may increase the risk. Treatment options include chemotherapy, targeted therapy, radiation therapy, stem cell transplantation, and immunotherapy. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are essential for managing leukemia.