Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results from a sudden impact or jolt to the head, leading to brain dysfunction. Causes include falls, accidents, sports injuries, or violence. TBI severity varies from mild, with temporary symptoms, to severe, causing long-term disability or death. Symptoms may include headache, confusion, memory problems, or loss of consciousness. Diagnosis involves neurological assessments, imaging tests, and cognitive evaluations. Treatment aims to stabilize the patient, prevent further injury, and manage symptoms through medication, rehabilitation therapy, or surgery. Long-term outcomes depend on the injury's severity and promptness of treatment. Prevention measures, such as helmet use and safety precautions, can reduce TBI risk.