Urinary incontinence is the involuntary leakage of urine, affecting millions worldwide. It can result from weakened pelvic floor muscles, nerve damage, or underlying health conditions. Risk factors include aging, childbirth, obesity, and certain medications. Types include stress, urge, overflow, and mixed incontinence. Symptoms vary from occasional leakage to complete loss of bladder control. Diagnosis involves medical history, physical examination, and sometimes imaging or urodynamic tests. Treatment options include pelvic floor exercises, bladder training, medications, medical devices, or surgery. Lifestyle modifications, such as limiting caffeine and alcohol intake, can also help manage symptoms. Proper diagnosis and tailored treatment plans can significantly improve quality of life.